What’s the Difference Between a Dietitian and a Nutritionist?

Are you confused about the difference between a dietitian and a nutritionist? These two terms are often used interchangeably, but there are important differences between them. In this article, we’ll explain the distinctions between these two professions, and help you understand which one might be right for your specific needs.

Degrees and Credentials Required

To become a registered dietitian (RD) or registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN), a person must complete the criteria set forth by governing bodies like the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) in the United States or the Dietitians Association of Australia. Additionally, some countries have a title of registered nutritionist that requires certification from a governing body, which is synonymous with registered dietitian.

These are professional organizations that oversee the field of dietetics in their respective countries. To earn these credentials, aspiring dietitians must first obtain a bachelor’s degree or equivalent credits from an accredited program at a university or college. This typically requires an undergraduate science degree, including courses in biology, microbiology, organic and inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, anatomy, physiology and specialized nutrition coursework as well.

Starting January 1, 2024, all dietetics students in the United States must hold a master’s degree to qualify for their RD board examination (3). Besides formal education, all dietetics students in the United States must apply for and be matched with a competitive internship program accredited by the Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics (ACEND). Similar internships may be required in other countries. Internship programs usually expose the student to 900–1,200 unpaid supervised practice hours across the 4 domains of practice, with careful adherence to competencies, or specific areas of study, complemented by in-depth projects and case studies outside of those hours.

Licensure

Dietitians are licensed professionals who must pass a national examination to earn their credentials. This license is required in most states in the United States and other countries. Nutritionists, on the other hand, may not have formal licensure requirements or a governing body overseeing their profession. As such, anyone can use the title of nutritionist without any formal training or education in nutrition.

Types of Dietitians

There are several types of dietitians, each with different specialties and areas of expertise. Clinical dietitians work in hospitals and medical centers, providing medical nutrition therapy to patients with various health conditions. Community dietitians work in public health settings, educating communities on good nutrition and healthy eating habits. Foodservice dietitians work in institutions such as schools, nursing homes, and restaurants, creating nutritious menus that meet specific dietary needs.

Conditions Dietitians Treat

Dietitians provide evidence-based medical nutrition therapy and nutritional counseling tailored to meet an individual’s needs. They work with patients to manage a range of health conditions, including:

• Diabetes
• Heart disease
• Digestive disorders
• Cancer
• Eating disorders
• Food allergies or intolerances
• Obesity
• Renal diseases

Degrees and Credentials Required

Certified Nutrition Specialists (CNSs) and other nutritionists require education and credentials to practice effectively. While some nutritionists complete a degree in nutrition science or a related field, others may have certifications from professional organizations. Similar to registered dietitians, CNSs must obtain a minimum of a master’s degree in nutrition or a related field.

They must also complete 1,000 hours of supervised experience in clinical nutrition and pass a board-certified exam. In contrast, other types of nutritionists may only need a certification from a professional organization or a short course in nutrition to begin practicing.

Conditions that CNSs and Other Nutritionists Treat

CNSs and other nutritionists work with patients to develop healthy eating habits, prevent disease, and manage a range of medical conditions. Some specialties in this field include:

• Sports nutrition: Helping athletes optimize their performance through proper nutrition and hydration.
• Pediatric nutrition: Working with infants, children, and adolescents to promote healthy growth and development.
• Gerontological nutrition: Addressing the unique nutritional needs of older adults.
• Oncology nutrition: Providing nutrition therapy for cancer patients undergoing treatment.

In conclusion, while both dietitians and nutritionists focus on improving health through nutrition, there are important differences between these two professions. Dietitians require extensive education, training, and certification to practice, whereas licensure requirements for nutritionists vary depending on the profession and country. If you’re looking for help managing a specific health condition, a registered dietitian or certified nutrition specialist may be your best option. However, if you’re interested in general guidance on healthy eating habits, a nutritionist or other qualified professional may be able to help.